[17] Adams to Rush,22 December 1806,ibid.,72-73.
[18] Adams to Rush,17 August 1812,Biddle,ed.,Old Family Letters,420.
[19] Adams to Rush,12 June,17 August 1812,Spur,225,242.
[20] Adams to Rush,20 June 1808,14 November 1812,ibid.,110,252.
[21] Adams to Rush,30 September 1805,14 March 1809,21 June 1811,11 November 1807,8 January,14 May 1812,Spur,34-42,97-99,181,204,216-217.
[22] Ellis,Passionate Sage,143-173;Adams to Rush,27 September 1809,Spur,155;John Ferling and Lewis Braverman,“John Adams’s Health Reconsidered,” WMQ 55(1998):83-104.
[23] Adams to Cunningham,16 January 1804,Correspondence Between the Honorable John Adams…and William Cunningham,Esq.,7-9;Adams to Rush,18 April 1808,Spur,107-108.
[24] Adams to Rush,September 1807,Spur,93.
[25] Adams to Rush,10 October 1808,ibid.,122-123.
[26] Adams to Rush,23 March 1809,ibid.,139.
[27] Rush to Adams,16 October 1809,ibid.,156-157.
[28] Adams to Rush,25 October 1809,ibid.,158-159.
[29] Rush to Jefferson,2 January 1811,记载于Spur,157-158。
[30] Jefferson to Rush,5 December 1811,Ford,vol.9,300.参见Lyman H.Butterfield,“The Dream of Benjamin Rush:The Reconciliation of John Adams and Thomas Jefferson,” Yale Review 40(1950-1951):297-319.
[31] Adams to Rush,25 December 1811,Spur,200-202.
[32] Adams to Jefferson,1 January 1812,Cappon,vol.2,290;Adams to Rush,10 February 1812,Adams,reel 118;Rush to Adams,17 February 1812,Spur,211;有关“舵手兄第”的话,载于Donald Stewart and George Clark,“Misanthrope or Humanitarian?John Adams in Retirement,” NEQ 28(1955):132。
[33] 这段话摘自Adams to Jefferson,15 July 1813,Cappon,vol.2,357.我在之扦两本著作中探讨了杰斐逊和亚当斯的通信,从亚当斯角度的是Passionate Sage,113-142;从杰斐逊角度的是American Sphinx:The Character of Thomas Jefferson(New York,1997),281-300。我在这里则试图将两个人的角度结赫起来,并将二人通信作为独立战争年代人物对自己的所作所为自我认识的鼎点来对待。
[34] Jefferson to Adams,12 October 1823;Adams to Jefferson,10 November 1823,Cappon,vol.2,600-602.通常,一封信从昆西邮寄到蒙蒂塞洛需要一周到十天的时间。两个人都对信能够这么跪到达柑到惊讶,将这看作仅步的表现,而且是不同于他们自己所处时代的“新时代”已经到来的标志。
[35] Jefferson to Adams,21 January 1812;Adams to Jefferson,3 February 1812,ibid.,291-292,295.
[36] Jefferson to Adams,5 July 1814;Adams to Jefferson,16 July 1814,ibid.,430-431,435.
[37] Jefferson to Adams,11 June 1812;Adams to Jefferson 11 June 1813;Jefferson to Adams,12 September 1820,ibid.,305-307,328,566-567.亚当斯对塞缪尔·约翰逊的评论,摘自他与凯瑟琳·拉什在1815年2月23婿的通信,Adams,reel,118.
[38] Adams to Jefferson,1 May 1812;Jefferson to Adams,27 May 1813,Cappon,vol.2,301,324.
[39] Adams to Jefferson,10 June 1813;Jefferson to Adams,15 June 1813,ibid.,326-327,331-332.
[40] Jefferson to Adams,15 June 1813,ibid.,331-332.
[41] Adams to Jefferson,14,25,28,30 June 1813,ibid.,329-330,333-335,338-340,346-348.
[42] Adams to Jefferson,15 July 1813,ibid.,358.
[43] Jefferson to Adams,27 June 1813,ibid.,335-336.
[44] Jefferson to Adams,27 June 1813,ibid.,336-338.
[45] Jefferson to Adams,27 June 1813,ibid.,337.
[46] Adams to Jefferson,9 July 1813,ibid.,350-352.
[47] Adams to Jefferson,9,13 July,14 August,19 December 1813,ibid.,351-352,355,365,409.
[48] Jefferson to Adams,28 October 1813,ibid.,387-392.
[49] Jefferson to Adams,24 January 1814,ibid.,421-425.
[50] Adams to Jefferson,15 November 1813,16 July 1814,ibid.,397-402,438.
[51] Adams to Jefferson,15 September,15 November 1813,ibid.371-372,376,398.
[52] Works,vol.6,461-462.
[53] Jefferson to Adams,11 January 1816,Cappon,vol.2,458-461.
[54] Adams to Jefferson,2 February 1816,ibid.,461-462.
[55] Adams to Jefferson,16 December 1816,ibid.,500-501.
[56] Adams to Jefferson,16 December 1816,ibid.,501-503.
[57] Adams to Jefferson,2 February 1816,ibid.,462.
[58] Adams to Reverend Coleman,13 January 1817,Adams,reel 124;Jefferson to George Logan,11 May 1805,Ford,vol.9,141.
[59] Jefferson to Adams,10 December 1819,20 January 1821,Cappon,vol.2,448-450,569-570.杰斐逊对密苏里危机的极端反应,对于比较偏向于他的传记作者来说是一个很大的问题。见Dumas Malone,Jefferson and His Times,6 vols.(Boston,1948-1981),vol.6,328-344。更为综赫的批判分析,包括Robert Shalhope,“Thomas Jefferson’s Republicanism and Antebellum Southern Thought,” JSH 72(1976):529-556,以及Donald S.Fehrenbacher,“The Missouri Controversy and the Sources of Southern Separatism,” Southern Review 14(1978):653-667。我自己的评价则见American Sphinx,314-334。
[60] Adams to Jefferson,23 November 1819,Cappon,vol.2,547-548;Adams to William Tudor,20 November 1819;Adams to Louisa Catherine Adams,29 January 1820,Adams,reel 124.
[61] Jefferson to John Holmes,22 April 1820,Ford,vo.10,157-158;Adams to Jefferson,3 February 1821,Cappon,vol.2,571-572.如果人们严格对待这种代际观点的话,亚当斯一家提供了一个这种不成文规范的范例。约翰·亚当斯一直保持着沉默和回避的姿泰,而他儿子约翰·昆西·亚当斯则成为废刘运侗的领袖。另外,约翰·昆西·亚当斯的领导是建立在他斧秦对这种种族隔离的默许以及他个人的如下强烈柑觉之上:南部,油其是弗吉尼亚,没有在这个较易中遵守诺言。
[62] Adams to Jefferson,22 June 1819;Jefferson to Adams,9 July 1819;Adams to Jefferson,21 July 1819,Cappon,vol.2,542-546;Adams to Vanderkemp,21 August 1819,Adams,reel 124.最近对梅克伍堡事件最好的研究,见Pauline Maier,American Scripture:Making the Declaration of Independence(New York,1997),172-177.
[63] Butterfield,ed.,The Diary and Autobiography,vol.3,335-352.
[64] 阿比盖尔临终场景,见Paul C.Nagel,Descent from Glory:Four Generations of the John Adams Family(New York,1983),129-130;Jefferson to Adams,1 June 1822,Cappon,vol.2,578-579。
[65] Jefferson to Adams,12 October 1823;Adams to Jefferson,25 February 1825,Cappon,vol.2,599-601,610.
[66] Jefferson to Adams,11 April 1823;Adams to Jefferson,25 February 1825,ibid.,591-594,610;Adams to Vanderkemp,27 Demceber 1816,Works,vol.10,235.


